EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF ETHNICITY ON PRE-COMPETITION ANXIETY AND SELF-CONFIDENCE IN COLLEGIATE TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES

Research has been conducted on the intensity and direction of competitive state anxiety (cognitive and somatic anxiety) and self-confidence and their effects on athletes' performance, however little attention has been given to possible ethnic differences in these areas. This study examined ethnic differences in the direction and intensity of pre-competition anxiety (cognitive and somatic anxiety) and self-confidence among collegiate track and field athletes. Within 48 hours after the conclusion of a track meet, participants were asked to recall their feelings prior to competition as they completed a series of questionnaires. Overall, African American athletes reported lower cognitive and somatic anxiety intensity scores, higher self-confidence intensity scores, and higher ethnic identity scores compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Significant ethnic differences were found among track athletes, field athletes, and between sprinters and distance runners. Ethnic differences in these areas could affect athletic performance and how sports psychologists treat athletes of diverse backgrounds.